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Full redesign of a multilingual site with international SEO, hreflang, URL structure, RTL support for Arabic and Hebrew, TMS-governed translations, Core Web Vitals performance preserved.
Multilingual sites pose three particular challenges vs a monolingual site. International SEO: Google treats each linguistic variant as a distinct page, with specific rules on hreflang, canonical, URL structure (subdomain vs subdirectory vs ccTLD). Cross-lang UX: consistency between languages must be maintained (same journeys, same features), with adaptation for RTL languages (Arabic, Hebrew) that reverse the entire layout. Editorial workflow: translation must be industrialized via a TMS (Translation Management System) or CMS connectors, not done manually copy-paste. Many historical sites were built language by language without these foundations, accumulating SEO and UX debt.
Three signals push for a complete multilingual redesign rather than incremental translation. First, international SEO is broken: missing or wrong hreflang, inconsistent URL structure, duplicate content detected by Google. Second, adding RTL (Arabic, Hebrew) to a site not designed for it: requires deep CSS rework, not just a layered RTL stylesheet. Third, the editorial workflow is manual and slows down new translations or cross-lang updates. If these three signals are absent, incremental improvement (hreflang fix, TMS addition) often suffices.
Three modern technical patterns for multilingual web. Bilingual or natively multilingual CMS (Drupal, WordPress with WPML, Strapi with i18n): suited when content is central. Headless site with centralized TMS (Phrase, Lokalise, Crowdin): more flexibility, translations exported/imported via API. Static generation with Next.js / Astro i18n: maximum performance, ideal for institutional sites and product catalogs. Choice depends on content volume, update frequency, and editorial team in place. See also the CMS to headless migration path for headless patterns.
Site multilingue vieillissant, non optimisé SEO international, ou avec problèmes de cohérence cross-lang
Site multilingue moderne, SEO international optimisé, performance Core Web Vitals
Institutional or catalog site with traditional editorial team (familiar CMS). Strong native multilingual Drupal, WordPress via WPML. TMS to industrialize (Phrase, Crowdin).
Modern site seeking maximum Core Web Vitals performance and front-end flexibility. Suited to high-end institutional sites and performant e-commerce. See [CMS to headless migration](/parcours/cms-headless).
Small/medium structures without IT team, with need for quick updates by marketing team. Limits on advanced SEO and customization.
Very content-heavy site (documentation, institutional blog, white papers) with technical team. Maximum performance, content in Git, possible translation by external contributors.
A multilingual site redesign is typically structured over **4 to 9 months** depending on volume and number of languages. For a **bilingual (FR/EN or AR/EN) institutional site with 100-500 pages**, plan **4 to 6 months** with a 4-5 person cell: web architect, front tech lead, CMS or front-end developer, multilingual integrator (RTL if applicable), UX designer, international SEO referent. For a multilingual site with **5+ languages** or large volumes (1000+ pages), plan **6 to 9 months** and 6-8 people.
Underestimating the RTL complexity (Arabic, Hebrew) on a site not designed for it. A simple layered RTL stylesheet often breaks the layout (icons, forms, complex tables).
Dedicated RTL audit from scoping with an expert integrator. Base CSS rework with logical properties (margin-inline-start vs margin-left), tests on real browsers and devices, validation by native Arabic or Hebrew speakers. See our delivered experience Ministry of Culture KSA on bilingual Arabic/English platform with native RTL handling.
Misconfiguring hreflang. Missing, malformed hreflang, with missing self-reference, or pointing to 404 pages produces duplicate content for Google and harms international SEO.
Hreflang automatically generated from the CMS or framework, audit with dedicated tools (Sitebulb, Screaming Frog hreflang report) before production. Google Search Console validation (International Targeting report) after go-live. Complete documentation of applied hreflang rules.
Industrializing without TMS (Translation Management System). If the team translates by copy-paste from Word or Excel, new site versions break translations, effort is repeated at each update, and terminological consistency is lost.
TMS integrated with CMS from design: Phrase, Lokalise, Crowdin per need. Source content export workflow to TMS, translation by linguists (internal or agency), automated import to CMS, translation memories and glossary for consistency. Reduces each new translation cost by 40-60%.
Neglecting Core Web Vitals performance on translated versions. Loading fonts for all languages, images without dimensions, multilingual analytics scripts weighs down LCP and CLS.
Performance budget set from scoping (LCP < 2.5 s, CLS < 0.1, INP < 200 ms) on all languages. Specific optimizations: font-display swap with subset per language, responsive WebP/AVIF images, aggressive lazy loading, code splitting per language. Continuous CrUX field data measurement after production.
Complete digital redesign of a Middle Eastern public university. Shift from horizontal to vertical architecture, high-performance bilingual Arabic/English solution with native RTL handling, Drupal integration with RESTful APIs, responsive HTML5/CSS3 architecture.
Augmented and virtual reality platform across 14 heritage sites for a ministry of culture, bilingual Arabic/English integration with RTL handling, multilingual heritage CMS expertise.
Three levers. CSS logical properties (margin-inline-start instead of margin-left) so the layout adapts automatically. Tests on real browsers with RTL mode activated, validation by native speakers. CMS that natively supports RTL (Drupal, Strapi with i18n). On our Ministry of Culture KSA project, the bilingual Arabic/English was natively designed, not layered on.
It depends on audiences and budget. The marginal cost of an additional language is typically 15-25% of the initial cost (TMS, translations, tests, maintenance). Beyond 5 languages, TMS industrialization becomes critical to remain sustainable. For multinational organizations, prioritize the 3-5 languages covering 80% of the target audience.
Subdirectories (`/fr/`, `/en/`, `/ar/`): default Google recommendation, authority shared across all variants. Subdomains (`fr.example.com`): useful if each variant has a dedicated team but weakens global authority. ccTLD (`example.fr`, `example.de`): better geographic signal but more complex to manage and SEO non-transferable. For most cases, subdirectories.
For a 100-500 page bilingual institutional site, plan 150 to 350 k€ in nearshore co-delivery over 4-6 months, excluding translations. For a 5+ language multilingual site with 1000+ pages, plan 400 to 800 k€ over 6-9 months. Translations are extra: 0.10-0.20 €/word for professional translator + proofreading, or 0.04-0.08 €/word for AI translation + human proofreading.
We frame the trajectory, the budget, and the deliverables in a first thirty-minute conversation. A short POC can be proposed before committing to the full program.
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