AS/400 ↔ Cloud architect
Bridge between both worlds, target design, technical governance
Migration of AS/400 applications (IBM i, RPG, DB2/400) to Java, .NET Core, or TypeScript. ATLAS methodology, business knowledge preservation, progressive cutover.
Each phase aggregates one or more of the ten ATLAS steps. No phase starts until the previous one has delivered its validated artefact. The ATLAS methodology makes this migration predictable and auditable.
Understand the existing RPG, COBOL/400, CL estate. Rebuild a usable functional analysis. Define scope, constraints, and success criteria.
Set the ground truth: 5250 screens, reports, datasets, recorded transactions. Map subsystems, queues, DB2/400 databases, integrations exhaustively.
Choose the target (Java + Spring Boot, .NET Core, TypeScript), design RPG migration patterns, SFL subfiles, data queues. Prepare the characterization test suite before any porting.
Translate pattern by pattern with line-by-line traceability. Incremental migration by subsystem (strangler fig). Signed parity audit between legacy and target on every delivered batch.
Progressive go-live, IBM i ↔ target coexistence whose duration is set at scoping based on risk profile, batched transactional cutover, internal classified discrepancy registry, ops handover to the client team.
On IBM i, RPG and the DB2/400 database are intertwined: programs rely on native record-level access and on constraints carried by the system rather than the schema. Automatic RPG conversion produces target code assuming a conventional relational database, while integrity rules lived elsewhere. End-to-end automatic translation isn't a modernization method, it's a debt transfer.
Our approach is the opposite. ATLAS relies on multiple readings of the source code, from several angles. Here, what we read first: native record-level access to translate into set-based queries, and system-carried integrity rules to re-express in the target schema. AI comes in as a comprehension accelerator, to decipher years of accumulated business logic, reverse-document uncommented branches, surface the intent behind the code. It doesn't decide and it doesn't translate. It informs the work of the architect, who then designs the target architecture and drives the migration pattern by pattern, under parity audit.
This understanding still requires humans who know the source technologies. That's our edge: where Europe and North America face a retirement wave on these skills, Tunisia retains experienced RPG and IBM i developers, paired with modern architects. Together they ensure continuity between the original business intent and the target system.
AS/400 — renamed IBM i since 2008 — remains remarkably present in SMEs and mid-caps in the distribution, manufacturing, logistics, food and retail sectors. Many of these companies acquired their AS/400 between the 1990s and the mid-2000s and still run it today. The platform stands out for its exceptional operational stability, its integrated model (OS, integrated DB2/400 database, native security), and its longevity (programs written decades ago still run today).
Three forces push for IBM i modernization: growing shortage of RPG developers, significant IBM Power license costs at hardware renewal, and integration limitations with modern REST, GraphQL, event APIs. IT departments hesitate because AS/400 works perfectly, but the demographic cliff of RPG skills makes the decision inevitable in 5-10 years. Our ATLAS methodology is suited to this long trajectory.
An AS/400 estate typically combines three languages: RPG (the most common, from RPG II to modern RPG Free Form), COBOL (sometimes coexisting with RPG), CL (Control Language for system scripts). Each language has its own migration patterns. Classic RPG II / III is harder to migrate than RPG Free Form which is closer to a modern language. COBOL on AS/400 follows the COBOL to Java or .NET Core path. CL is generally rewritten as shell scripts or in a modern orchestrator (Airflow, Kubernetes CronJobs).
AS/400 (IBM i, RPG, DB2/400, CL)
Java, .NET Core, TypeScript, PostgreSQL, containers
Strategic AS/400 estate, need for transactional robustness, Java teams in-house or accessible via integrators. Default choice for SMEs and mid-caps that want code they can maintain long-term.
Microsoft-dominated IT landscape, integration with Dynamics 365 or Power Platform. See COBOL to .NET Core for arithmetic subtleties.
Moderate workloads, priority on velocity and cloud cost. Suited to management and e-commerce applications. See COBOL to TypeScript.
Urgent need to move off physical hardware without an immediate redesign. Lift-and-shift approach that keeps RPG running on IBM cloud. Useful as a temporary stepping stone, not as a final target.
An AS/400 modernization is structured as a sequence of functional batches, with the cadence set at scoping based on volume and criticality. The cell combines an AS/400-cloud architect capable of bridging both worlds, a tech lead on the target language (Java, .NET, TypeScript), developers ideally with an RPG or COBOL background, a DB2/400-PostgreSQL DBA for data migration, a cloud network engineer, a QA. Composition and headcount are not fixed upfront: they are determined after the POC and scoping, once the real work has been measured.
Underestimating the specificity of RPG subfiles (SFL). 5250 subfiles are tabular display patterns with native pagination that have no direct equivalent in modern web.
Explicit porting of subfiles to web data tables (AG Grid, Material UI Table) with cursor-based pagination. Native RPG subfile operations (READC, CHAIN, UPDATE, EXFMT) are reproduced as REST endpoints with client-side state management. UX parity tests on bulk entry/consultation workflows.
Ignoring AS/400 data queues and data areas, the inter-program communication mechanisms specific to IBM i.
Replacement with modern message queues (Azure Service Bus, RabbitMQ, Apache Kafka per context). Global data areas become entries in Redis or a key-value database. Unit tests on producer-consumer communication patterns to validate isofunctionality.
Forgetting DB2/400 specifics. DB2 for i differs from classic DB2 and PostgreSQL in its integrity rules, triggers and naming constraints (long SQL names vs 10-character system names).
Exhaustive DB2/400 schema mapping from discovery phase. Migration to PostgreSQL with table name adaptation, triggers ported as PL/pgSQL functions, materialized views reproduced. Parity tests on representative datasets with automatic reconciliation.
Neglecting IBM i security mechanisms (user profiles, authorities, system groups). IBM i has very fine-grained built-in security that target systems do not reproduce natively.
Target RBAC model designed from the architecture (Role-Based Access Control). AS/400 user profiles are mapped to a modern directory (Active Directory, Keycloak, Auth0) with granular roles and permissions. Non-regression tests on each user profile with representative access scenarios.
Wanting to migrate everything at once. An AS/400 estate accumulated over 15 to 25 years often contains forgotten programs, hidden dependencies, undocumented workflows.
Mandatory strangler fig strategy. We migrate subsystem by subsystem, the least critical transactions first. IBM i / cloud coexistence for 2 to 4 years. Progressive decommissioning of migrated programs. See the ATLAS methodology for the detailed protocol.
Several distinct profiles, mobilized over the full program duration. Reproducing this cell internally is rarely realistic — the legacy skills shortage and ATLAS expertise depth make outsourcing structurally faster and less risky.
Bridge between both worlds, target design, technical governance
Java 21/25, .NET 10 or TypeScript depending on the architecture choice
Ideally with an RPG or COBOL background for pattern-by-pattern translation
Schema migration, triggers, materialized views, data parity audit
IBM i / target cloud coexistence, security, integrations
Test bench, legacy/target comparison, ATLAS audit validation
Yes, IBM continues to invest in IBM i. The current version, IBM i 7.6, has been generally available since April 18, 2025 (7.5 dates from 2022), and IBM has announced no end-of-support date for either release. The decision to migrate therefore does not come from imminent IBM end-of-support, but from strategic considerations: RPG skills shortage, costs, modern web integration. It is a 5-10 year decision, not an emergency.
Yes, this is known as web-facing. Tools such as Profound UI, looksoftware, Aura, or Rational Open Access for RPG components wrap an existing RPG application in a web interface without rewriting the back-end. Pros: fast modernization, business code preservation, lower investment. Cons: vendor dependency, evolution limits, license costs. It is a transitional solution, not a long-term strategy — to be combined with a progressive back-end migration plan.
5250 screens are replaced by a modern web interface (React, Angular, Vue). Function-key driven 5250 workflows (F3 = exit, F12 = back) are translated into web workflows with explicit buttons and configurable web keyboard shortcuts. 5250 subfiles become paginated web tables. The user experience is redesigned — users trained on 5250 need support during the transition and generally find the web version more productive afterwards.
Cost depends on the volume of RPG, COBOL/400 and CL actually in scope, the number of 5250 screens to redesign, and the criticality of the processing, which sets the depth of parity testing. We do not quote before the ATLAS Intake, which produces the estate inventory, measures its complexity and identifies the risks. The first scoping call is free (30 minutes to 2 hours). See the delivery models for contractual formats.
Yes, it is a good fit. The BOT model consists of entrusting the modernization cell to Access for 2-4 years, then progressively transferring the team to your internal organization. Suited to mid-caps wanting to internalize their target skills while avoiding startup risk. See the development center for BOT contractual terms.
There is no IBM-imposed end of life for the AS/400 — IBM rebranded it iSeries, System i and then IBM i and continues active investment. The current version, IBM i 7.6, has been available since April 18, 2025, with no end-of-support date announced. The decision to modernize therefore does not come from imminent IBM end-of-support. The real drivers are: shrinking RPG developer talent, hardware cost (Power systems are not cheap), modern integration friction (cloud, mobile, AI all require workarounds), and business agility requirements that the green-screen experience cannot match. Modernization is a 5-10 year strategic decision, not an emergency. The ATLAS methodology handles AS/400 modernization to Java, .NET Core, or TypeScript with proven parity.
It depends on your existing ecosystem and what you want to gain from the migration. Pick Java when your platform is already built around Spring, Kafka, Kubernetes, or open-source databases (PostgreSQL, MariaDB) — Java's library depth on financial transactions, AS/400-style record I/O, and its long-term language stability make it the safer default for large RPG estates. Pick .NET 10 when your organization runs on Microsoft (Azure, Dynamics 365, Power Platform) — interop with the rest of the stack saves real money, and modern C# is now on par with Java on every dimension that matters. But the choice of Java vs .NET is the second decision. The first is what experience you want on the other side: leave the green-screen behind, expose the system as APIs, prepare for AI-assisted evolution. A line-for-line port has the worst ROI of all options. The ATLAS methodology frames this with an internal registry of classified discrepancies.
Three concrete ways to start — from a free diagnosis to a full modernization cell. Our AS/400 / IBM i 7.5/7.6 approach is documented, priced, and applicable from the first meeting.